Tharaka D. Fonseka

PhD Student, Princeton ECE

I am a first-year PhD student in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Princeton University, where I am a member of the JHA Lab led by Prof. Niraj K. Jha.

Before Princeton, I earned my BSc in Electrical and Electronic Engineering from the University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, graduating with First Class Honors, a perfect GPA of 4.0/4.0, and ranked first in my batch. I was advised by Prof. Roshan Godaliyadda, Prof. Parakrama Ekanayake & Prof. Vijitha Herath. I then worked as a Research Assistant at the Multidisciplinary AI Research Centre (MARC), University of Peradeniya.

My research interests lie at the intersection of machine learning, knowledge graphs, LLM reasoning, and AI for healthcare. I am currently focused on developing reliable knowledge-grounded reasoning systems for LLMs, specifically investigating:

  • How context-augmented supervision can help models learn richer and more reliable representations
  • Methods for augmenting knowledge graphs with contextual evidence to improve multi-hop reasoning
  • Reinforcement learning strategies for enhancing compositional reasoning over structured knowledge paths

I am always happy to chat about research ideas or about cricket 🏏 β€” feel free to reach out!

Tharaka D. Fonseka

News

Research

Repair Before Reinforce: Context-Augmented KG Reasoning

A context-augmented training framework for multi-hop question answering over knowledge graphs. Supporting triples from the same source text form a context graph, and an adaptive repair pipeline strengthens one-hop facts before reinforcement learning. Validated on GraphMERT-extracted disease KGs for Gastroparesis and Diabetes, context-augmented supervision and RL improve compositional reasoning on harder multi-hop tasks.

PoPStat: Linking Population Pyramids to Disease Mortality

Devised PoPDivergence and PoPStat, two metrics that condense a country's full population pyramid into scalar values and quantify their association with cause-specific mortality across 371 diseases and 200+ countries β€” outperforming traditional indicators such as median age, GDP per capita, and HDI. The framework was later extended to quantify demographic vulnerability to COVID-19.

Benchmarking Psychomotor Skills with Wearable Devices

A framework for optimizing psychomotor learning through human motion analysis. IMU motion trajectories are mapped to a performance space via task-specific quality metrics, enabling the identification of benchmark clusters and targeted remedial actions β€” validated on a table tennis forehand stroke case study.

Social Interactions & Mental Well-being During COVID-19

Analyzed a survey of 3,020 households across Sri Lanka using factor analysis and unsupervised clustering, identifying distinct psychological groups and how interpersonal relationships mitigated psychological distress β€” with actionable insights for mental-health policy in future crises.

Welding Quality Assessment from Biomechanical Data

Used wearable IMU sensors to capture hand movements during welding tasks and trained ML/DL models to predict welding quality parameters, proposing a novel method for grading welders from beginner to expert. Received the Best Paper Award at MERCon 2024.

Human Joint Angle Estimation with EKF and PCA

Combined an Extended Kalman Filter with Principal Component Analysis to estimate human joint angles from a wireless wearable IMU device, validated against YOLOv7-based vision estimates.

Hand Gesture Recognition & Gait Analysis (Undergraduate Thesis)

Undergraduate thesis on hand gesture recognition and gait analysis via wearable devices, advised by Prof. Roshan Godaliyadda, Prof. Parakrama Ekanayake, and Prof. Vijitha Herath. Ranked among the top 5 undergraduate electrical engineering projects island-wide and won the Gold Award at Techno Sri Lanka 2023.

Publications

† denotes equal contribution

Journal Articles

  1. Performance Benchmarking of Psychomotor Skills Using Wearable Devices: An Application in Sport
    Tharaka Fonseka†, Mahela Pandukabhaya†, Madhumini Kulathunge, Roshan Godaliyadda, Parakrama Ekanayake, Chanaka Senanayake, Vijitha Herath
    IEEE Access, vol. 13, pp. 25432–25445, 2025
    DOI Β· arXiv
  2. The Influence of Social Interactions in Mitigating Psychological Distress During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study in Sri Lanka
    Isuru Thilakasiri, Tharaka Fonseka, Isuri Yapa, Roshan Godaliyadda, Vijitha Herath, Ramila Thowfeek, Anuruddika Rathnayake, Parakrama Ekanayake, Janaka Ekanayake
    Frontiers in Psychology β€” Personality and Social Psychology, 2024
    DOI

Conference Papers

  1. PoPStat–COVID19: Leveraging Population Pyramids to Quantify Demographic Vulnerability to COVID-19
    Buddhi Wijenayake, Athulya Ratnayake, Lelumi Edirisinghe, Uditha Wijeratne, Tharaka Fonseka, Roshan Godaliyadda, Samath Dharmaratne, Parakrama Ekanayake, Vijitha Herath, Inosha Alwis, Supun Manathunga
    International Conference on Advances in ICT for Emerging Regions (ICTer), pp. 332–345, 2025
    arXiv
  2. Correlation Analysis of Age Structure Metrics and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Global and WHO Regional Comparison using the Top 5 Causes of Death in 2021
    Lelumi Edirisinghe, Buddhi Wijenayake, Athulya Ratnayake, Tharaka Fonseka, Roshan Godaliyadda, Samath Dharmaratne, Parakrama Ekanayake, Vijitha Herath
    Faculty of Applied Science, University of Vavuniya, Sri Lanka, 2025
  3. Quality Assessment of Welding Using Regression Analysis of Biomechanical Data Best Paper Award
    Mahela Pandukabhaya, Tharaka Fonseka, Madhumini Kulathunge, Roshan Godaliyadda, Parakrama Ekanayake, Chanaka Senanayake, Pramila Gamage, Vijitha Herath
    Moratuwa Engineering Research Conference (MERCon), Sri Lanka, 2024
    DOI

Preprints

  1. Repair Before Reinforce: Context-Augmented Knowledge Graph Reasoning for Multi-Hop Question Answering
    Tharaka D. Fonseka, Niraj K. Jha
    arXiv:2609.12230, 2026
    DOI Β· arXiv
  2. Devising PoPStat: A Metric Bridging Population Pyramids with Global Disease Mortality
    Tharaka Fonseka, Buddhi Wijenayake, Athulya Ratnayake, Inosha Alwis, Supun Manathunga, Roshan Godaliyadda, Vijitha Herath, Isuru Pamuditha, Parakrama Ekanayake, Samath Dharmarathne
    arXiv:2501.11514, 2025
    arXiv

Experience

2024 – Aug 2025

Research Assistant

Multidisciplinary AI Research Centre (MARC), University of Peradeniya

Researched AI applications in education, pandemic analysis, and biomedical wearables under Prof. Roshan Godaliyadda, Prof. Parakrama Ekanayake, and Prof. Vijitha Herath, in collaboration with the Faculties of Arts and Medicine. Developed baseline surveys, led data collection and analysis with AI analytics pipelines, and helped organize workshops and awareness sessions.

Jan – Mar 2024

Teaching Assistant / Temporary Instructor

Department of Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering, University of Peradeniya

Conducted laboratory classes on end-to-end PCB manufacturing and facilitated tutorial sessions for undergraduate students.

Jan – May 2022

Trainee Telecommunications Engineer

Huawei Technologies Lanka Co. (Pvt) Ltd

Internship in the Huawei–Airtel managed-services project, working on Datacom, transmission, and BTS site operations.

Sep 2017 – Aug 2018

Mathematics Instructor

Sasip Higher Education Institute, Nugegoda

Supported students preparing for Combined Mathematics in the G.C.E. Advanced Level examination.

Education

2025 – Present

PhD in Electrical and Computer Engineering

Princeton University, USA

Member of the JHA Lab, advised by Prof. Niraj K. Jha (since January 2026).

2018 – 2023

BSc Engineering (Hons) in Electrical and Electronic Engineering

University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka

First Class Honors Β· GPA 4.0/4.0 Β· Batch topper (Rank 1 in the Faculty of Engineering) Β· Rank 1 in the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering.
Thesis: Hand Gesture Recognition and Gait Analysis via Wearable Devices.

2004 – 2017

Primary & Secondary Education

Ananda College, Colombo (Grade 6 – A/L)

G.C.E. Advanced Level in Physical Sciences (Combined Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry).

Wadduwa Central College (Grade 1–5)

Awards & Honors

  • 2025 Princeton University First-Year Fellowship β€” covering tuition and insurance for the first year of PhD studies.
  • 2024 C.A. Hewavitharana Prize for Best Performance in Engineering β€” highest academic standing (batch top) in the Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya, 85th General Convocation.
  • 2024 Ceylon Electricity Board Gold Medal for best all-round performance in Electrical and Electronic Engineering.
  • 2024 Ceylon Electricity Board Prize for Best Performance in Electrical and Electronic Engineering (field top).
  • 2024 W.M.G. Fernando Prize for best performance in Electronic Communications.
  • 2024 Best Paper Award at MERCon 2024 (Technology Management track) for Quality Assessment of Welding Using Regression Analysis of Biomechanical Data.
  • 2024 Merit Award, Eng. E.W. Karunarathne Award for Best Undergraduate Project in Electrical Engineering (top 5 island-wide) for Hand Gesture Recognition and Gait Analysis via Wearable Devices.
  • 2023 Gold Award β€” Best Display of Engineering Projects, Techno Sri Lanka Awards, Institute of Engineers Sri Lanka (IESL).
  • 2019 First Place β€” Walking Robot design and build category, Innovators 2019, University of Peradeniya.
  • 2018 Mahapola Merit Scholarship awarded by the Government of Sri Lanka for excellent G.C.E. (A/L) performance.

Service & Volunteering

Outreach & Teaching

  • Co-conducted A Journey into AI and Frontiers in AI workshops, introducing AI concepts to over 1,000 school students and teachers in Colombo and Kandy.
  • Volunteer instructor in Project ARUNELLA, teaching mathematics and science to underprivileged students across Sri Lanka.
  • Conducted a hands-on PCB manufacturing workshop for first-year undergraduates.

Leadership & Community

  • Organizing volunteer for iPURSE 2024, ICIIS 2023, EERaPS 2023, and the MARC inauguration exhibition.
  • Academic Sub-Warden, Akbar Hall of Residence, University of Peradeniya (2023/24).
  • Treasurer, IEEE Communications Society Student Branch Chapter, University of Peradeniya (2022/23).
  • Editorial team member, IEEE Robotics and Automation Society Student Branch Chapter (2021/22).